Quelles sont les options pour chauffer une marmite ?

Direct fire heating, electric heating and steam heating are used as three heating methods for boiling. Also to the size of the pot, we also consider the cost of generating heat when choosing. Steam heating is not the best choice. The laws and regulations of some countries have caused great obstacles to the use of steam boilers, making some foreign customers have to choose electric heating. Some breweries have to choose cheap electric heating methods due to limited funds, but from the perspective of beer technology, steam heating is nothing more than the best choice for all breweries. And maintenance costs and multi-batch requirements for medium and large breweries, electric heating is much higher in brewing time and labor costs than steam heating.

Steam heating option

The steam heating method can be divided into two types: steam jacket and heater. Jacket heating is often used in the boiling tank of small craft breweries. The steam passes through the jacket formed between the inner tank and the outer wall of the boiling tank. The principle of steam condensation and release of heat is transferred to the wort in the tank through the inner tank wall. heat to achieve the boiling point and the expected rate of evaporation. But for medium and large breweries of 3000L and above, as the volume increases, the heated area of wort per liter becomes smaller and smaller. Thus, the common wort boiling heating method in large breweries is heater heating.

How the built-in heater works

The built-in heater is a cylindrical unit that fits in the center of the boiling pot and is secured to the bottom of the pot by feet. Some stainless steel tubes run through the built-in heater. The gap between the tubes forms a cavity, steam enters it from above, the wort is pumped into the boiling tank, enters the heater from the bottom up, fills the tubes, and exchanges heat with the steam.
The wort in the column tube is heated and boils and sprays upwards. To drop the foam formed during the boiling process and avoid the phenomenon of overflowing the pot, a diversion cover is equipped above the heater. The shape of the diversion hood is umbrella-shaped. When the wort boils, the spray touches the diversion hood, and then disperses and falls to complete the wort self-convection cycle from the inside to the outside.
There are 2 CIP cleaning balls designed under the shroud for easy cleaning of the built-in heater.

Advantages of built-in heaters

Less heat loss. The wort heated by the built-in heater and boiled by self-convection circulation loses very little heat to the atmosphere, so its heating rate is also the fastest.
Increase the heating area of wort and speed up the evaporation efficiency. The continuous promotion of the circulation pump is equal to increasing the heating area, allowing more water molecules to escape in the form of steam.
Improve brewing efficiency.

Disadvantages of built-in heaters

Although a CIP cleaning ball is designed under the shroud, due to the large number of tubes, there is still insufficient cleaning power for the inner bottom of the heater.
Because of the low-flow wort tube bundle, if the steam pressure is not well controlled or the steam temperature is too high, the wort will be overheated, which may lead to darkening of the wort color and bad taste, thereby affecting the quality of the finished beer.

How External Heaters Work

The external heater is used in large-scale industrial breweries. Its structure is like that of the built-in heater. It is the structure of a tube heat exchanger. The steam enters the gap cavity of the tube above and exchanges heat with the wort in the tube to become condensed water. discharge. The difference from the built-in heater is that the external heater is placed outside the tank. When the wort is heated, it is pumped out from the bottom of the pot at a speed of 2.5m/s, enters from the bottom of the external heater, and exchanges heat with steam Then return to the pot.

Advantages of External Heaters

Because the wort is boiled under overpressure in the external heater and the boiling temperature is high, the boiling time can be shortened by 20%~30%, thus saving energy.

Good boiling effect can lower the pH value of the wort, so the color is also lighter.
The number of wort cycles can be adjusted and according to the process requirements.
It can improve the use rate of bitter substances, and protein precipitation is more thorough.
The steam pressure is low, only about 0.3MPa, which can evaporate more volatile substances that are unfavorable to the taste

Disadvantages of external heaters

Because the wort circulation requires a pump as power, the power consumption is high.
The external heater is easy to cause a large amount of radiation heat loss.
The flow rate of wort in the external heater is high, and it is easy to form a large shear force, resulting in a decrease in the quality of beer flavor.

Summarize

While steam heating has the highest upfront investment and installation costs of any heating method, steam is popular in breweries for some reasons. A large reason is that the early investment in the steam boiler can use steam heating when there are many heating needs in the brewery, such as providing heating for the CIP station.

Whether it is from a process point of view or for many batches, steam heating with better control, scalability, versatility and heating rate is the best choice. When using steam, the mash, boil and hot water tanks can be heated at the same time, which is all helpful when many brews are required per day. The initial cost is repaid by lower maintenance cost and saved time and manpower later, which also makes brewing easier.

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